香港立法会星期二(3月19日)通过的新国家安全法立刻在前身为推特的社交媒体平台X上引来了专家和活动人士的强烈反对。
这项被称为《维护国家安全条例》的立法草案源自香港基本法第23条国家安全相关规定,以打击“叛国、叛乱、煽动叛乱、窃取国家机密、间谍、破坏以及境外干预”为目标。被指控触犯这项立法的人,一旦罪名成立,可被判处七年或以上监禁,最高则可以被判无期徒刑。
政治风险咨询公司欧亚集团的总裁伊恩·布雷默(Ian Bremmer)认为,这部法律“会进一步剥夺公民自由,并加强北京对香港居民的控制。”
hong kong parliament officially passes article 23, expanding chinese national security lawswill further strip away civil liberties + tighten beijing%27s grip on hong kong residentswhat happened when they first tried to pass the law in 2003: pic.twitter.com/9CCwrJxFCr
— ian bremmer (@ianbremmer) March 19, 2024
该法星期二在立法会被全票通过,且从香港政府3月8日向立法会提交草案到立法会 “无异议”通过仅经历了11天的时间。彭博社记者艾伦·王(Alan Wong)指出:“我们研究了从1997年以来提交给香港立法会的所有1200多部法案,新的国安法是从递交到表决通过最快的一部。”
We looked at 1200+ draft laws submitted to Hong Kong’s legislature since 1997. The new security law is literally the fastest bill passed from submission to voting. Chart shows how much faster the LegCo passes bills after China forced out opposition in 2021 https://t.co/QhXjiXCqwU pic.twitter.com/0mBG9iua7h
— Alan Wong (@alanwongw) March 19, 2024
过去几年来,北京收紧了对香港政府及社会的控制。2019年,香港爆发了规模庞大的民主运动,但最终被当局压制。有观察人士认为这次国安法的通过更具有象征性意义而非实质上的改变。
美国《大西洋》杂志的专栏作家蒂莫西·麦克劳克林(Timothy McLaughlin)就问道:“令人不解的是,立法者们真的认为这部法律会帮助香港吗?还是说他们只是为了在2019年的墓碑上跳舞,对他们印象中的敌人,特别是美国,耀武扬威?”
Watching the Article 23 cheering in LegCo today, it is confusing as to if lawmakers believe that this bill will actually help Hong Kong or if they are more interested in dancing on the grave of 2019 and owning their perceived enemies, particularly the US.
— Timothy McLaughlin (@TMclaughlin3) March 19, 2024
这部法律的批评者认为这并非香港民意的体现。
目前生活在伦敦的香港民主人士罗冠聪在X上写道:“香港新国家安全法的通过让我想起习近平的当选—一个全员同意、没有任何反对的决定。真是个笑话。不需要天才也能明白,对于这样一部有争议的法律,社会上一定有很多反对意见。”
The passage of the new national security law in Hong Kong reminds me of Xi%27s election—a unanimous decision with no objection. What a joke.It does not require a genius to understand that there must be A LOT OF OPPOSITION in society for such a controversial law. pic.twitter.com/AtZ8KNK8nO
— Nathan Law 羅冠聰 (@nathanlawkc) March 19, 2024
不少香港人权方面的观察人士都对法律的通过表达了悲伤。英国人权组织“香港观察”创办人罗杰斯(Benedict Rogers)表示:“这并不令人惊讶,但依然是让人沮丧的新闻。香港现在完全被枷锁绑住了。”
Not a surprise, but grim news all the same#HongKong is now completely in chainsHong Kong lawmakers make history, pass Article 23 domestic national security bill https://t.co/QB1YLXIJ4m via @scmpnews
— Benedict Rogers 羅傑斯 (@benedictrogers) March 19, 2024
香港活动人士任建峰写道:“这么多年为保护香港的法治、民主和人权而进行的活动都付诸东流,在毫无光亮的黑暗之下灰飞烟灭。”
All the years of advocacy for or defence of #HongKong’s rule of law, democracy and human rights have been for nought, blown away by a darkness that contains not even a speck of light. But if it is our fate to suffer Sisyphean futility, so be it. Why? Because we love HK. https://t.co/9WNBRK3P4k
— Kevin Yam 任建峰 (@kevinkfyam) March 19, 2024
不过,“人权观察”中国部临时主任王松莲却指出,国安法的通过并没有让香港过去的抵抗失去意义:“这是黑暗的一天,但抵抗才是最重要的。香港人与暴政进行了一场精彩的斗争。”
"Article 23" security law, the opposition of which defines a whole generation of Hong Kong people, has been passed. It%27s a dark day, but then, it%27s the resistance that counts. Hong Kong people put up a good fight against tyranny. https://t.co/GzSjh0vTlN
— Maya Wang 王松蓮 (@wang_maya) March 19, 2024