中国官方星期二(12月6日)为已故前国家主席江泽民举办追悼会,由中国现任领导人习近平致辞。而前领导人、在中共二十大被架出会场的胡锦涛意外露面,引起关注。
习近平在讲话最后鼓励“全党全军全国各族人民要更加紧密地团结在党中央周围,踔厉奋发、勇毅前行”。
美国评论人士章家敦对此驳斥说:“团结?看起来习近平就和他的英雄毛泽东一样滥用权力,而现在中国政治体制的顶层出现了纷争。”
“Unity”? It looks like #XiJinping, like his hero #MaoZedong, went overboard in using power, and now there is dissension at the top of the #Chinese political system. #CCP #China #JiangZemin https://t.co/5As1A5dk3d
— Gordon G. Chang (@GordonGChang) December 6, 2022
欧亚研究中心(CREAS)主任方娴雅(Theresa Fallon)说,“中共高层官员星期二聚集在北京悼念江泽民,意图展现团结和力量,正值习近平面对各界对其严格的防疫限制措施和铁腕统治普遍感到沮丧之际。”
Top Chinese Communist Party officials gathered in Beijing on Tues for memorial service to honor Jiang Zemin, in a display of unity & strength at a time when Xi Jinping faces widespread frustration over his strict coronavirus restrictions & iron-fisted rule https://t.co/KsjYfDs8ve
— Theresa Fallon (@TheresaAFallon) December 6, 2022
纽约时报在报道推文中如是说:“中国最高领导人习近平在已故前国家主席江泽民的葬礼上盛赞江泽民。习还呼吁全国团结在他周围,就在一个星期前抗议活动挑战了习的权威。”
China’s top leader, Xi Jinping, heaped praise on Jiang Zemin at the late former president%27s funeral. Xi also urged the nation to rally around himself, a week after protests tested his authority. https://t.co/ea968QvGU6
— The New York Times (@nytimes) December 6, 2022
在习近平致辞的同时,新加坡国立大学东亚研究所主任郝福满(Bert Hofman)在推特上贴出了自己对江泽民的评价。
他写道:“当下的一场辩论是,中国如今改革的方向是否是由外部环境共同决定的---比如美中之间日益激烈的竞争以及贸易和科技战。江泽民那时也面对同样有挑战性的外部环境。天安门事件之后的制裁,台湾海峡的紧张局势,亚洲金融危机,中国大使馆在贝尔格莱德遭轰炸以及海南岛事件,这些都给江泽民带来了挑战。”
Jiang Zemin faced an equally challenging external environment. Sanctions imposed after Tiananmen, tensions in the Taiwan Straits, the Asian Financial Crisis, the bombing of the Chinese embassy in Belgrad and the Hainan Island Incident all posed challenges for Jiang.
— Bert Hofman(郝福满) (@berthofmanecon) December 6, 2022
他接着写道:“显示出江泽民治国才能的是,虽然面对这些挑战,他还是成功地修复了与美国以及其他西方国家的关系,把中国送进了世界贸易组织,并在911恐怖袭击后支持美国。这一切的顶峰是江泽民2002年2月访问布什总统的家庭农场。”
It speaks for Jiang%27s statecraft that despite these challenges, he managed to restore relationships with the US and other western powers, got China into the WTO and supported the US after 9/11. The pinnacle was Jiang%27s visit to Bush%27 family farm in February 2002. pic.twitter.com/oRCZqnNjOc
— Bert Hofman(郝福满) (@berthofmanecon) December 6, 2022
不过,这两天更加吸引外界关注的是胡锦涛的重新现身。
英国广播公司中国媒体分析师凯丽(Kerry Allen)在写到中国最高层领导人告别江泽民遗体时特别指出:“值得一提的是,来访的人当中包括了胡锦涛。自从二十大之后,几乎还没有过有关他的消息。”
Fair bit of media today on China%27s top leadership bidding farewell to "Comrade Jiang Zemin" in hospital, before his remains were transferred to Beijing%27s Babaoshan Revolutionary Ceremony.Worth noting Hu Jintao is 1 of those who visited, there%27s been little on him since Congress pic.twitter.com/D5Gp8WV0YU
— Kerry Allen 凯丽 (@kerrya11en) December 5, 2022
在10月22日的中共二十大闭幕式上,坐在习近平身边的胡锦涛突然被架出了会场。新华社称是健康原因导致。但外界认为这是中国政治斗争的写照。
《印度报》(The Hindu)报道印中关系的记者阿南斯·克里什南(Ananth Krishnan)贴出了胡锦涛在现场的截图,并写道:“习近平和胡锦涛12月5日在北京向江泽民遗体送上最后的致敬。如果你只从推特上的热门帖文里看新闻的话,这张照片是不会存在的。那些帖文自信地宣称其中一人已经在9月被政变,另一人在10月被清理了。”
Xi Jinping and Hu Jintao in Beijing on December 5 paying last respects to Jiang Zemin. A photo that wouldn%27t exist if you got your news from viral posts on Twitter, which had declared confidently that one was removed in September, and the other purged in October. pic.twitter.com/if9IXRK9w5
— Ananth Krishnan (@ananthkrishnan) December 6, 2022
从江泽民去世开始,中国各大网站和平台都将首页调成黑白色,以示悼念。不过,对江泽民持负面看法的观察人士们对他的去世不以为意。
生活在上海的中国历史播客主播克里斯·斯图尔特(Chris Stewart)在江泽民下葬之际写道 :“3分钟长的空袭警报作为对江泽民的‘致敬’。这是不是意味着我们终于可以把应用程序的颜色调回去了?”
3 minute air-raid siren “tribute” to Jiang Zemin.Does that mean we can turn the apps color gradients back on now?? pic.twitter.com/riMI6eZyzX
— 𝕋𝕙𝕖 ℍ𝕚𝕤𝕥𝕠𝕣𝕪 𝕠𝕗 ℂ𝕙𝕚𝕟𝕒 ℙ𝕠𝕕𝕔𝕒𝕤𝕥 (@thocpodcast) December 6, 2022
澳大利亚莫纳什大学(Monash University)中国研究高级讲师凯大熊(Kevin Carrico)则以调侃地方式写道:“为了纪念江泽民,我四天没有发推。每天早晨出门前我还把裤子拉得非常高,并且没来由的批评别人简单和天真。”
I have not tweeted in four days in memory of Jiang Zemin.Also been pulling my pants up really high every morning before I head out and calling people simple and naive for no reason.
— Kevin Carrico (@kevincarrico) December 6, 2022
2000年,江泽民曾在一场记者会上批评香港记者“太年轻,太简单,有时候还很天真。”那段视频在中国网民间疯传,也让江泽民成了中国网络亚文化的一部分。